Recombination in the present data possibly caused the estimate of the height of the tree to be greater, thus resulting in more ancient age estimates [ 44].
This will cause the estimate of α to be much closer to its true value in D. miranda, while α might be substantially underestimated in D. melanogaster.
Different levels of percent ascertainment for each screening test can cause the estimates of diagnostic accuracy to be biased by a different amount [ 4].
Inclusion of orangutan and macaque also caused the estimates of θHCG to become smaller, with the posterior means to be 0.0029 0.0030 in the HCG, 0.0024 in the HCGO, and 0.0020 0.0022 in the HCGOM data sets.
In the Lasso, the estimates of the β j, β ^ j, are those that maximize the log-likelihood subject to a penalty on the sum of the absolute values of the β j estimates (an L1-norm penalty); the geometry of this constraint causes the estimates of many of the β j to be set equal to exactly zero.
Instead, we demonstrated that observed variations in ocean temperature at the ice base would induce sufficient additional melting to cause the estimated mass loss of the ice shelf, indicating that the observed thinning relates to changing ocean conditions in front of 79 North Glacier.
OS was defined as the time (months) from diagnosis to death from any cause, and the estimate of OS distribution was calculated using the Kaplan and Meier method.
"When we factored in the costs and uncertainties of litigation and the absorption of management time on the matter," said Baxter F. Phillips Jr., executive vice president of Massey, "we concluded that our shareholders would be best served by a timely settlement that eliminated any continuing concern caused by the estimates of some sources regarding our potential exposure".
Ignorance of calibration uncertainty can cause bias in the estimate of source model parameters and underestimate the variance.
While it is possible that variation noise caused the negative estimates of heritabilities as discussed in Price et al. [ 12], a robust statistical approach which enables to prevent such negative heritability estimate is highly desirable.
