Exact(7)
Likewise, human actions are attributed to free will when their causes are unknown: "That human freedom which all men boast of possessing … consists solely in this, that men are conscious of their desire and unaware of the causes by which they are determined".
The causes by which true and relative motions are distinguished, one from the other, are the forces impressed upon bodies to generate motion.
So Spinoza writes repeatedly, in the context of his criticisms of teleological reasoning and the introspective experiences of free will or mind/body causation (e.g., at IIIp2s): "men are conscious of their actions and ignorant of the causes by which they are determined".
The results in Figure 5 lead to the conclusion that there are two causes by which factor α k Γ k at the pilot subcarriers may degrade the estimator performance: (1) Pilots with some fluctuation in amplitude: ■ As the amplitude of the pilots at the destination is not constant and equal to one, the result of the estimation is a spread of the replicas of the CIR.
He sums up his teleological argument as follows: Aquinas notes that the existence of final causes, by which a cause is directed toward an effect, can only be explained by an appeal to intelligence.
The molecular causes by which the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase induces malignant transformation are largely unknown.
Similar(53)
Gene duplication is believed to be the principal cause by which new genes are created.
Roberts said the damage was caused by winds, which pulled down trees and tree limbs, which knocked over polls and downed wires.
The furore caused by the Which?
Hay fever is caused by pollen, which is how plants reproduce.
Remember, colds and flus are caused by viruses, which don't respond to antibiotics.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com