The anatomy of memory is subtle; functional MRI and PET scans, in conjunction with memory testing, suggest that the parietal cortex is linked to the hippocampus by networks of neurons, so the memory loss might be prompted by damage caused "upstream" by the beta-amyloid.
A fourth piece of flexibility is that, like most government agencies, OPIC gives short shrift to climate pollution caused upstream and downstream of its projects.
The second pattern of ureteral injury is ligation without urine extravasation, which often occurs at the site of surgical clips, causes upstream hydronephrosis and may be either acute (Fig. 14) or asymptomatic (Fig. 15).
Dams formed by landslide deposits are a common phenomenon that can cause upstream flooding conditions as well as outburst floods during uncontrolled dam breaks (Costa and Schuster 1988; Korup 2002), affecting the most vulnerable areas in mountainous regions, the valleys.
Open image in new window Fig. 13 In a 77-year-old male, obstructing duodenal carcinoma appeared at CT as an eccentric, poorly enhancing tissue abutting the proximal duodenum, causing upstream gastric fluid-filled dilatation.
Reflect about the other person -- Consider the "10,000 causes" upstream that led him or her to do whatever happened.
Furthermore, we acknowledge the possibility that causes upstream of the translation machinery may still be contributing to aging, which is also covered in the expanded Discussion.
However, targeted disruption of mTOR has been demonstrated to cause upstream positive feedback and increase Akt activity via the IGF-1R pathway, leading to the attenuation of an antiproliferative effect and contributing to a possible route for tumor resistance.
It is well known that methotrexate, through folate-dependent biosynthetic blockade, causes upstream accumulation of adenosine that turns on anti-inflammatory pathways by acting predominantly on A2A and A3 receptors [ 36].
Complementary to the downstream rewiring NAMs, we next investigated whether mutations could also cause upstream rewiring (i.e., when a substrate is, due to the impact of a mutation, being phosphorylated by different upstream kinases) by perturbing phosphorylation motifs on the substrate.
The number of rewiring events and their rewiring power showed a non-uniform distribution where, generally, mutations closer to a phosphorylation site have a higher chance of causing upstream rewiring and the rewiring event itself will be of higher magnitude (rewiring power).
