The main threat to B. brownii is dieback caused by the introduced plant pathogen P. cinnamomi, a soil-borne water mould that causes root rot.
Banksia sessilis is highly susceptible to dieback caused by the introduced plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi, a soil-borne water mould that causes root rot; in fact it is so reliably susceptible that it is considered a good indicator species for the presence of the disease.
Also, for different acceptors, there should be different suitable isolation groups to balance the good and bad effects caused by the introduced isolation spacers.
For over a century, white pine blister rust (WPBR), caused by the introduced fungal pathogen, Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch., has affected white pine (Subgenus Strobus) individuals, populations, and associated forest communities in North America.
California forests are now in the early stages of an epidemic caused by the introduced pathogen Phytophthora ramorum.
Historically, Castanea dentata (American chestnut) was also of great importance in eastern North America, until it was nearly extirpated from its native range in the early 20th century by chestnut blight disease, caused by the introduced fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Anagnostakis 2012).
It is this theoretical strength, however, that causes the bias introduced by artificial boundaries on the map; map boundaries act as barriers to random walkers, thus inflating resistance estimates.
But apparently it's enough to have caused the Jitney to introduce its Ambassador line, which features similarly supersized seats and amenities.
In 1377 the expense of the Hundred Years' War had caused the government to introduce a poll tax of four pence.
It proved difficult to portray sex as convincingly scary, which caused the producers to introduce the concept of "people like the Amish who are from another planet".
