Sentence examples for caused refinement from inspiring English sources

In other words, each boundary has to move 30 nm in ND for a strain increment of ε = 0.17 or ∼180 nm for a strain of ε = 1 to balance the caused refinement.

Co-doping of Cr and Si caused grain refinement of the coatings and retarded outward diffusion of Pt during heat-treatment in vacuum at 1050 °C.

Forging caused grain refinement and texture modification, both of which enhance alloy performance by improving strength and ductility, and leading to longer fatigue life.

On the other hand, SMAT process can cause grain refinement at the surface of metals and decreases grain size significantly.

Hypoeutectic boron addition (0.1 wt.%) to Ti 6Al 4V is known to cause significant refinement of the cast microstructure.

Although this level of Sc addition did not cause grain refinement, the dendritic substructure appeared to be finer.

Twinning deformation causes grain refinement in the early stages, but as the grain size becomes finer twinning is increasingly inhibited even though the deformation temperature is lowered.

However, peritectic-forming solutes do not only cause grain refinement by their segregation power but, more importantly, they introduce copious potent nuclei into the melt and promote significant grain refinement via heterogeneous nucleation.

Then we proposed the formation mechanism of FGA: Numerous Cyclic Pressing (NCP) between originated crack surfaces, which causes grain refinement at originated crack wake and therefore the formation of FGA.

Once the coarse emulsion was produced, the air bubbles were forced to perform useful work on the network, causing a refinement in the size of the droplets, with a concomitant increase in the emulsion viscosity.

The coatings reveal a dual-phase structure of TiN and TiB2 above 1 at.% B. The addition of boron causes grain refinement and changes the structure from columnar for TiN to fine-crystalline.