On Monday, counsel for the defendants told the court that the dismissal in 2009 was correct because "greenhouse gases allegedly cause harm only when the emissions of billions of entities accumulate worldwide, over many decades... Plaintiffs might just as well have targeted steel mills in Pennsylvania... or a defendant class of all US car and truck owners".
Many of these mutations would be lost through random genetic drift, causing disease only when the percentage level of mutation drifts upwards in one or more family members and exceeds the threshold required for clinical presentation.
For example, a high level of proof (or strength of evidence) such as beyond all reasonable doubt is used to achieve good science where A is seen to cause B only when the evidence is very strong.
An infected individual is susceptible to a variety of infectious organisms, including those called opportunistic pathogens, which may live benignly in the human body and cause disease only when the immune system is suppressed.
In Italy, for instance, heat can be taken as the cause of death only when the victim has no other known disabilities, which is rarely the case with the elderly.
Adequate intakes of vitamins A and K, magnesium, zinc and copper were associated with reductions in all-cause mortality, but only when the substances came from food, not supplements.
This case has significantly reduced the exit gradient and caused only slight increase in the uplift force when compared to other sheetpile configurations.
This caused uproar, which quietened down only when the prime minister promised not to lift the ban before June.
Overall, these results suggest that the psoralen ICL caused the replisome to pause only when the leading strand polymerase reached the lesion.
