Lastly, we considered the conclusions for each cause-effect linkage collectively, in order to answer the primary question.
For example, Luoma et al. (2001) provide eight case studies that specify cause and effect linkages using community analyses of macroinvertebrates to decipher the effects of multiple stressors.
This enabled women and the wider community to discuss cause and effect linkages, but also some of the more distal causes of health problems.
Recent perspectives focus on the two-way interplay between vegetation and hillslope geomorphology, where establishing cause-and-effect linkages is made difficult by confounding factors (spatial temporal scale, location, convergence, divergence, nonlinearity, thresholds, feedbacks).
In addition we assessed the ability to capture connections of measured results to strategy and their cause-and-effect linkages that describe the hypotheses of the strategy [ 16].
The themes are portrayed using a series of cause-and-effect linkages showing how the system ultimately "creates value" for the population [ 12, 13].
(Phase 4 FGD) The implementation team (including facilitators) sought to make cause and effect linkages for health problems apparent through stories and problem-solving games.
Ontario's Health System Strategy Map (OHSS) articulates strategies for performance improvement through a series of hypothesized cause-and-effect linkages between the nine strategic themes, in order to demonstrate how the health system creates value for the population.
This step harmonized both frameworks for performance measurement, and illustrated how Ontario's hypothesized cause-and-effect linkages and strategy fit and interrelate within each system's performance dimensions – ultimately linking performance data with performance management and accountability.
This is important since one of the theoretical premises of the intervention is that behaviour change will occur if communities are able to analyse the cause and effect linkages of health problems, and then define ways in which they can influence these linkages.
