She argues that, despite some progress in recent years, it is stigma across society that is a primary cause of negative attitudes and also affects behaviour and the way mental health services are funded and organised.
There is need to explain/understand the cause of these attitudes and practices and identify possible interventions to change them.
As a result, it was argued, such practice could be a common cause of negative attitudes among community members or pregnant women towards SP in general.
Interviews were conducted by trained staff and questions were asked about HIV and safe sex practices, attitudes to gender and sexuality, attitudes to condoms, feelings about the causes of HIV, attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS, and attitudes towards increased access to condoms and sex education.
Find the root cause of the attitude issues.
In a different vein, Carruthers (2011; see also Rosenthal 2001; Bem 1967, 1972) argues that the evidence of Nisbett, Gazzaniga, Wegner, and others (reviewed in Section 4.2.1 above) shows that people confabulate not just in reporting the causes of their attitudes but also in reporting the attitudes themselves.
Research psychologists have generally not been as skeptical of our knowledge of our attitudes as they have been of our knowledge of the causes of our attitudes (Section 4.2.1 above).
In fact, many of the same experiments that purport to show inaccurate knowledge of the causes of our attitudes nonetheless rely unguardedly on self-report for assessment of the attitudes themselves a feature of those experiments criticized by Bem (1967).
But the question arises: Whatever failures there may be in assessing the causes of our attitudes and behavior, are those failures failures of introspection, properly construed?
Indeed, few contemporary philosophical accounts of introspection or privileged self-knowledge highlight, as the primary locus of privilege, the causes of our attitudes and behavior (though Bilgrami 2006 is a notable exception).
