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Harsh cleaning conditions may cause introduction of defects to the graphene layers or its delamination due to the absence of interfacial bonds to the substrate.
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10, 11 In terms of the frequency of positive tests and the potential number of detectable causes, introduction of population-based screening for hearing loss represents a vast increase in the number of fundamentally different genetic and environmental conditions for which newborn screening is now performed.
Historians of science have shown, however, that most of these anomalies did not directly cause the introduction of the theories that later resolved them.
Release of debris can cause entanglement, introduction of bacteria and disease, and ingestion of plastics and other foreign items [263].
The use of non-native fish for stocking can cause the introduction of novel genetically-based features into the wild population and can break up co-adapted gene complexes that may lead to out-breeding depression [ 8].
Furthermore, the analysis of the relative codon usage frequencies among synonymous codons showed that both c.144 C>G and c.912 G>A cause the introduction of a rarer codon (c.144 C>G: 0.11 versus 0.33; c.912 G>A: 0.07 versus 0.43).
If the AOP2-3 allele is transcribed, the 5 bp mutation would cause the introduction of a series of stop codons in the transcript, which may have a negative effect on mRNA stability [ 41].
As we shall later see, it is this conditional association that can cause the introduction of bias when traditional rules of confounding adjustment are applied without reference to a DAG.
In both reactions, the trans effect causes the introduction of the ligand trans to chloride rather than trans to ammonia.
That law prohibits causing the "introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any food, drug, device, tobacco product, or cosmetic that is adulterated or misbranded".
Anyway the increasing complexity of Cloud Services caused the introduction of new programming and deployment paradigms.
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