Thereby, each echo experiences a typical life-cycle: the reflectors cause echo traces that persist, approach, and depart along with the occasionally shadowed LOS path.
Ionospheric phase contamination can be regarded as a multiplicative modulation on the signal, and it will cause echo to be extended in the Doppler domain.
Deep-scattering layer, horizontal zone of living organisms, usually schools of fish, occurring below the surface in many ocean areas, so called because the layer scatters or reflects sound waves, causing echoes in depth sounders.
Daily recurring and descending layers in August is evidence for strong tidal modulation of the dynamic processes that cause the echoes.
The We Own It campaign is one of the most prevalent champions of the cause and echoes the thoughts of Prof. Rogers.
When India's prime minister met his Pakistani counterpart in New York on September 29th, each had cause to echo the sentiment.
But the prospect of wider access, in particular by private firms, caused jitters.This echoes the debate in health care, where researchers want large databases to develop new treatments, but patient groups fear records could be leaked or misused.
Transmission and algorithmic processing cause the echo to be transmitted back to the originator with a delay, hence impeding effective communication.
This phenomenon is called time/frequency uncertainty principle [32] and can cause "pre-echo" artifacts (i.e., a short noise-like event preceding a signal onset) which can be easily perceived.
During this time he was also active in the Academy of Bordeaux, where he kept abreast of scientific developments, and gave papers on topics ranging from the causes of echoes to the motives that should lead us to pursue the sciences.
