Sentence examples for causation problems in from inspiring English sources

Twin designs can help neighborhood effects studies overcome selection and reverse causation problems in specifying causal mechanisms.

In (1), the use of the simultaneous fiscal policy variable is justified in the case of action-based variables due to low risk of endogeneity and associated reverse causation problems.

And in any case, the causation problem is not solved by giving a driving role to GC content, NBDM, or to both, since in that case which process would drive the driver?

Because education is typically completed early in adulthood, it serves as a marker of early life circumstances [ 27], and no reverse-causation problems result from linking education with health outcomes.

Lewis (2000) presents a new counterfactual theory of deterministic causation, in which he concedes that there are problems in probabilistic causation that his account is not yet able to handle.

In addition, our study cannot bypass the reverse-causation problem, an intrinsic limitation of the case control study design, although previous studies have provided strong direct evidence that mtDNA content may serve as a constitutive genetic marker for cancer susceptibility.

We considered early-life exposures measured prior to measurement of conduct problems in an attempt to address issues of reverse causation.

Reverse causation is the most important problem, in which the loss of weight resulting from particular diseases can falsify the association between lower BMI and health outcomes.

In the legal theory of causation this problem is of central importance.

We have been treating the problem of mental causation as though it were a problem in applied metaphysics.

Regardless of what one thinks of the argument for theological fatalism, there is a more general problem in the logic of time and causation that needs to be addressed.