Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(1)
Similar(60)
Other physical candidates for backward causation can be founded in the physics literature.
The earliest discussion of some of the consequences for backward causation and free will can be found in George Schlesinger (1974) and in an exchange between Don Locke (1978, 1979) and André Gallois (1979).
A simple scientific example can be found in the rationale behind the sensible methodological adage that "correlation does not imply causation".
Of course, these are observational studies, and as such causation can be hard to ascertain.
Some would insist that every alleged case of negative causation can be described in terms of positive causation [Laliberté 2013].
Then, representations of deterministic causation can be viewed as a special case of probabilistic causation in which causes are sufficient and necessary for their effects.
So this suggests that the strength of the causal connection would differ substantially between divine causation and secondary causation, and this difference might lead one to wonder these two types of causation can be brought under a single, univocal notion of causation.
It is a matter of some dispute whether event causation and agent causation can be combined in this fashion and, if they can be, whether the combination would provide what incompatibilists think necessary for free will.
There are very few instances in economic history where causation can be so definitively determined.
No inference of causation can be made in the study.
Analytically derived bias causation can be traced back to the method of finding the point estimator.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com