Exact(29)
17 Likewise, causality that is implied by statistical models may have little association with actual causal relationships between the observed variables; it merely corresponds with a theory.
It is precisely that we want to preserve a degree of causality, that is LCC-causality, while yet retaining the essential discontinuity and unpredictability of the process.
Moreover, the emphasis on hypothesis generation and testing of long-term causality that is part of evolutionary thinking has the potential to reinforce scientifically based diagnosis.
There is a large literature on the risks of getting biased estimates due to the potential reverse causality that is latent in ALMP analyses.
More generally, (CN) and kindred principles might be thought to rest on a conception of causality that is now obsolete, finding no place in modern physics (Russell 1912; for further discussion, see the metaphysics of causation, §2).
Thus we have the so-called "triple" or "fivefold examination" (trikapañcakacintā) of causality that is developed by later Buddhist writers, such as Dharmottara, Jñānaśrīmitra and Mokṣākaragupta.[27] Other provisos are also added in an attempt to rule out certain bogus circumstances that would vitiate the procedure (see e.g., Lasic 1999).
Similar(31)
They cite causality that was never valid and the reasons it will be different this time.
Connectivity measures like Granger causality that are based on the autoregressive model do not always reflect true neuronal connectivity; however, we conclude that careful experimental design could make this methodology quite useful in extending the information obtainable using fMRI.
Starting from these fundamental propositions, Proclus argues, Plato deduces the different types of causality that are required for a truly scientific understanding of nature (efficient, exemplary, and final cause; see Steel 2003 and above 3.2).
The Japanese version of this production style carried a unique aesthetic, its own character, and that's when I really noticed there was a correlation of interest in underground dance music among Japanese music consumers and people elsewhere in the world, plus a causality that was pushing reaction and development.
Granger causality spectra that were significant (p<0.05) were averaged across subjects.
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