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We examined the strengths and weaknesses of research onto the causality of relationship between diagnosis and therapy of major depressive disorder and suggest what could be done to strengthen eventual claims on causality.
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As the groups were not randomized, we are unable to assess the causality of relationships observed.
First, in the present study we aimed to find evidence for causality of relationships.
We acknowledge the limitation that because of our cross-sectional study design the causality of relationships between parameters cannot be proven; a future study that longitudinally addresses the association of insulin resistance with the progression of sonographically proven atherosclerosis therefore will be of great interest.
I think you underestimate the causality of the relationship of anticholinergics to the underlying protein biochemistry and evolution of the dementia process.
The present study tested the causality of this relationship by manipulating testosterone levels in a double-blind placebo controlled crossover design.
So far, few studies have experimentally tested the causality of this relationship and it is not clear what type of manipulation affects drinker prototypes and drinking levels.
Although heavy cannabis use by individuals with a psychotic disorder or vulnerable to one is largely associated with a poorer prognosis, there are sufficient reasons to question the causality of this relationship.
Because the causality of the relationship between corporate tax avoidance and financial constraints may operate in both directions, we conduct a two-staged least squares (2SLS) analysis with instrumental variables to better identify the impact of tax avoidance on financial constraints conditional on governance quality.
In order to explain these effects (today the causality of the relationship is certain) there are many possible factors, particularly regarding particulate exposures: an increase in cardiovascular risk biomarkers (fibrinogen, white blood cells, and platelets), atherosclerosis, chronic inflammation of lung tissues increased by acute exposure, etc.
Nevertheless, nothing could be said about the causality of this relationship, because the family reunion is likely to mirror migrants' intentions (de Haas and Fokkema 2011).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com