Sentence examples for caudal body from inspiring English sources

The rostral body portion comprised the head and abdominal region (the rostral 28%, in G. coropinae and G. omari and the rostral 25% in G. carapo) and the caudal body portion comprised the tail region (the caudal 28%, in G. coropinae and G. omari and the caudal 35% in G. carapo) while the central portion comprised the middle region of the fish body.

The mutations in these mice were known to affect tail and caudal body development.

The second hypothesis, based on the overall malformation of the caudal body, postulates a primary defect in the generation of the mesoderm.

Fracture displacement and direction: Displacement will be assessed by drawing lines along the posterior and lateral aspects of the odontoid process and the caudal body of C2.

The phenotypes of these mutant mice suggest that sirenomelia in humans is associated with an excess of RA signaling and a deficit in Bmp signaling in the caudal body.

The vascular steal hypothesis is based on the aberrant vasculature pattern of the caudal body present in most individuals with sirenomelia (Kampmeier, 1927; Kallen and Winberg, 1974; Stevenson et al., 1986).

For mouse, TTBK2fmly1/fmly1 mice with homozygous mutants of truncated TTBK2 at residue 450 were embryonic lethal at embryonic day 10, with indistinct brain subdivisions, distorted caudal bodies, and delayed body and brain development [ 34].

The ability of this region to segment independently of Lfng activity has not been noted previously, and is further evidence that the segmentation circuitry varies along the cranial-caudal body axis.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02557.002 Mammalian Hox genes encode proteins that are essential for patterning along the rostral-to-caudal body axis of the developing embryo (Duboule and Morata, 1994; Krumlauf, 1994).

In other studies, pesticide effects that have been observed on fish embryonic development have included malformations in myoskeletal development (such as notochord abnormalities of degeneration), defects along the rostral-caudal body axis, curvature of the vertebral column, and edemas in the pericardial area or yolk sac [ 26– 28].

Oh et al 9 and Burkhardt et al 14 have defined the fused segment height as the distance between the midlines of the involved cranial vertebral bodies and the caudal vertebral bodies.