Focusing on animal-based measures, this chapter analyzes on-farm welfare-assessment protocols for various cattle categories in terms of number and types of measures included and the main factors shaping the design of such protocols.
The results of this longitudinal study show significant heterogeneity of trypanosomosis incidence in the various cattle categories.
To avoid over-estimating the wealth of households with many cattle, the asset category was calculated first without the cattle, and then increased by a maximum of one or two categories according to the number of cattle owned.
Cattle of various categories (dairy cattle and beef cattle), from which serum samples were collected, were handled with good ethical animal practices required by the Animal Ethics Procedures and Guidelines of the People's Republic of China.
Excluding hobby farms (and the category "other cattle" farms) from a vaccination strategy would increase the net returns of the sectors with about €2.3 million for cattle and €3.5 million for sheep.
For the cattle population, the SireMGS category of animals had accuracies of imputation of 0.87, 0.97, 0.98, and 0.98 for Cat99, Cat95, Cat90, and Cat85 for AlphaImpute, and 0.60, 0.91, 0.95, and 0.96 for IMPUTE2.
The amount received per animal sold in KGR is low at 334 USD (compared to 681 USD received by Fulani on the Jos Plateau in the same year; value corresponds to average price obtained across homogenous categories of cattle).
Also, as presented in the same table, the concentration average of penicillin G residues recorded in the carcass samples from mixed farming systems is higher (0.263 μg/ g) than in the other categories of cattle with a variation ranging from 3 × 10−3 to 0.77 μg/g (Table 2).
