C. 1320 Allemagne, France July 11, 1382 Lisieux, France Nicholas Oresme, French Nicole Oresme (born c. 1320, Normandy died July 11, 1382, Lisieux, France) French Roman Catholic bishop, scholastic philosopher, economist, and mathematician whose work provided some basis for the development of modern mathematics and science and of French prose, particularly its scientific vocabulary.
The great miler Marty Liquori, who in 1966 at Essex Catholic in Newark set a scholastic record of 12 23.2 for Van Cortlandt's 2.5-mile course, once said that road racing was like rock 'n' roll, but that track racing was more like a Carnegie Hall symphony.
Reformed scholars displayed a clear bias against Aristotle, the philosopher who they held responsible for sustaining the scholastic edifice of Catholic theology, and in Wittenberg they even mounted a short-lived attempt to replace him with Pliny: but the disordered approach of the Natural History made it unsuitable for superseding the Aristotelian encyclopedia for teaching.
A former priest himself, Erasmus bristled at the arcane "scholastic" theology that dominated the Catholic medieval schools.
By the beginning of the 17th century, Lutheranism had created a scholastic system useful for contending with Roman Catholic and Reformed opponents but not for spiritual nourishment.
This position, however, was opposed by the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, systematized by Duns Scotus, a 13th-century British Scholastic theologian, and finally defined as Roman Catholic dogma by Pope Pius IX in 1854.
The University of Paris remained a spokesman for Roman Catholic orthodoxy, and its educational program, which was founded on scholastic dialectics, became rigidly fixed.
Like many Catholic theologians who influenced the council, Father Schillebeeckx had reacted against the neo-scholastic theology that the church adopted in the 19th century as a bulwark against hostile modern ideas.
January 5, 1548 Granada, Spain September 25, 1617 Lisbon Francisco Suárez, byname Doctor Eximius (born Jan . 5 1548, Granada, Spain died Sept. 25, 1617, Lisbon) Spanish theologian and philosopher, a founder of international law, often considered the most prominent Scholastic philosopher after St. Thomas Aquinas, and the major theologian of the Roman Catholic order, the Society of Jesus (Jesuits).
All the varieties of Scholastic teaching, moreover, were under attack from those leaders of late medieval Roman Catholic piety who contended that the crisis of faith and of the church called for a return to the authentic religious experience of the primitive church as set forth in the New Testament.
