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Narrative comments were coded and categorized independently by two authors and agreement on final categorizations was finally achieved via an iterative discussion process.
Results: Among 41 (25%) questionnaires categorized independently by 2 investigators, strength of agreement in categorizing 68 pain problems was substantial (κ=.68).
Diagnoses associated with atopic dermatitis and conditions indicative of immune deficits with dermatologic manifestations (i.e., eczema) were categorized independently from diagnoses indicating potential loss of skin integrity (i.e., diaper rash, impetigo), and are referred to here as 'atopic dermatitis' and 'other skin conditions', respectively.
Cases were categorized independently by two doctors.
Referrals were categorized independently by two of the authors (CD, MG).
Referrals were categorized independently by two researchers resulting in an inter-rater agreement of 94,5%.
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Two investigators (JJM, RFW) extracted and categorized information independently.
Papers originating from England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales were grouped under the United Kingdom heading, while those from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan were categorized each independently and are not included under the China heading.
WL and NT re-categorized these independently according to the domains of the TDF and, together with JB, reached an agreement as to where (if anywhere) each code belonged.
To validate categorization into Bloom's levels, all pre-exam and exam questions were independently categorized by two outside experienced reviewers and a quadratic weighted kappa (Cohen [1968]) was estimated for each reviewer relative to the independent categorization by JMB that was used in this study.
Two researchers categorized the advertisements independently.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com