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With calibrated and categorized descriptors, an alignment between the CSE levels of translation and interpretation and the CEFR levels of mediation is likely to be established.
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Intended mainly for Chinese learners of English, the CSE gives priority to descriptors of learners' achievement and categorizes its descriptors based on language functions: narration, description, explanation, argumentation, instruction, and discussion (Halliday 1978; Martin and Rose 2003).
Sometimes, we find it difficult to categorize certain descriptors, because their focus is on the textual features of listening materials, while the verbal part is simply "understand" or "follow".
Carbon black aggregates can be categorized using shape descriptors into the categories: spheroidal, ellipsoidal, branched, and linear.
The data from the selected subsets were categorized into the descriptors listed in Table 5.
To achieve this aim, the project team has been constructing scales of English language proficiency, which consist of categorized and calibrated descriptors of each aspect of the construct (i.e., listening, speaking, reading, writing, translation, interpretation, organizational knowledge, pragmatic knowledge) (National Education Examinations Authority 2014).
The traditional version of MPQ consists of 78 pain descriptors categorized into 20 groups.
While many of the recommendations are categorized headings or descriptors, they should not be seen as free-standing or exclusive to each.
Some molecular descriptors that are associated with molecular formats are categorized as molecular format descriptors.
Based on the data collected from 183 experienced teachers/raters, who were trained to use the descriptors for evaluating performances of 10 students at different levels of oral proficiency, a total of 65 descriptors were categorized and scaled.
On the basis of the 39 descriptor scaling, more descriptors should be collected and categorized to enrich the current pool of descriptors.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com