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Then, the categorisation of themes under the umbrella of a superordinate theme takes place.
Qualitative data from the field were transcribed and analysed through categorisation of themes and content analysis.
For the framework analysis, categorisation of themes was guided by Bruce's Quality of Care for Family Planning framework (27).
We were aware in the analysis process that categorisation of themes into the analytical framework may be overly Western-centric, 28 and endeavoured to limit this through an iterative review process involving Indigenous team members.
Themes were identified using the method of Ritchie and Spencer [ 9] and the final categorisation of themes used those provided by a single coder who is an emergency physician.
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Initial categorisation of the themes for scale development and revision of the categories for this study resulted in identifying six themes.
Table 4 for categorisation of major themes.
However, as is the case in all qualitative studies, the categorisation of the themes depended on the human factor (i.e. the researcher), and might well have resulted in different clusters if the process had been performed by another researcher.
Our categorisation of recommendation themes and identification of three implementation criteria (scientific value, pragmatic feasibility, paradigmatic consistency) needs further operationalisation, and is based on data collected for only one study so needs replication in other studies, but these categories do provide a preliminary organising framework to facilitate research.
In previous research in China we have used combinations of both, but usually where time is short the data coding, categorisation and identification of themes is done manually and in Mandarin, with discussion of important content of themes aided by English summaries [ 18].
To enhance the validity of results, all transcripts were read individually by each of two authors (AA-R and DS) and then consensus was reached on the categorisation of data into themes, based on literal and interpretive meanings.
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