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As done in prior analyses of these items [ 25], we dichotomized the scaled responses for skillfulness: scores of three or four indicated "any skillfulness", while scores of one and two were grouped as the categorical reference for "no skillfulness".
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Likewise, tooth loss was the strongest covariate of improvement in OIDP after adjusting for country- and other categorical reference variables.
General Linear Models (GLM) for repeated measures were used to assess the within individual change of OIDP ADD scores by categorical reference variables.
Female gender, living with others, THA and absence of walking aids, smoking, disease, etc were considered as reference for categorical variables, while age and body mass index (BMI) were considered as continuous variables.
The location and sex were categorical variables in which Klaipeda was a reference for Sweden and male sex was a reference for female sex.
For categorical variables reference categories were chosen according to expected unfavourable prognosis.
† Residential status is a categorical variable: reference category = Community.
For categorical variables, the reference category for the odds ratio (OR) was absence of the condition.
In these models the estimated coefficient of predictor variables is interpreted as the ratio of means in the outcome variable comparing either unit changes (for continuous variables) or categories compared to the reference category (for categorical variables), adjusted for other covariates [ 24].
For ease of interpretation, regression coefficients are presented as the estimated percent change in the serum concentration of each OCP with a 1-unit increase in exposure (for continuous variables) or relative to the reference category (for categorical variables) (10β, where β is the regression coefficient for a given predictor), holding all other variables constant.
The absolute differences in geometric means for HOMAIR and fasting glucose concentration between the groups were calculated for each model, using the mean value for continuous predictors and the reference level for any categorical variables; 95% CIs for the differences were derived by bootstrapping.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com