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For numerical variables, we used Student's t-test in cases of normal distribution and the Mann-Whitney U test otherwise.
Results are expressed as means ± SD in cases of normal distribution and as medians and interquartile ranges otherwise.
In cases of normal distribution and similar variances, Student's t-test was used in the comparison of two groups.
Student's t-test was used in cases of normal distribution, and otherwise the Mann-Whitney U test was used for numerical variables.
Then, we examined whether the data exhibited a normal distribution using F test, and in cases of normal distribution we used parametric examination.
Continuous variables are presented as means (± standard deviations) in cases of normal distribution or as medians (interquartile ranges) in cases of non-normal distribution.
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In cases of normal distributions, we used a paired t-test to compare parameters in spontaneous and reactive singing.
In cases of normal distributions (either of the original or the log transformed data), we used a paired sample t test or an independent sample t test for paired and independent data, respectively.
In cases of normal distributions, we used a paired t test to compare song parameters in spontaneous and reactive singing and Pearson's product moment correlation to test for correlations with daytime and season.
Normal distribution of the data was tested using Shapiro-Wilk-test, and data were compared in case of normal distribution with the t-test or in the case of not normally distributed data with the nonparametric Mann–Whitney-U-test.
In case of normal distribution, we used a paired T test to check for statistical significant improvement.
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