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Other such examples of designs in which a limited number of clusters were available include trials of community based diabetes educational programs [ 9] and general practice based interventions to reduce primary care prescribing errors [ 10], both of which were limited to the number of general practices which agreed to participate.
So for example, in two general practice based CRCTs (one to evaluate lay education in diabetes and the other to evaluate a general practice-based intervention to reduce primary care prescribing errors), the number of clusters was limited to the number of primary care practices that agreed to participate in the study.
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Use of the electronic health record (EHR) is growing in the USA, spurred by financial incentives from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). 1 2 A growing body of research demonstrates that EHRs provide a myriad of benefits, including increased adherence to guideline-based care, decreased prescribing errors and improved disease monitoring.
This improvement project delivered feedback of prescribing errors to prescribers in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and measured the impact on medication error frequency.
We found that prescribing errors in secondary care are prevalent, regardless of prescriber grade.
It is notable that 46 (44 %) of 104 studies measuring the prevalence of prescribing errors in secondary care did not include any assessment of severity.
Prescribing errors in primary care can cause considerable harm, with adverse drug events accounting for around 7% of hospital admissions in the United Kingdom, and half of these are judged to be preventable.
Patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for prescribing errors and related adverse drug events (ADEs).
Irrational drug therapy with prescribing errors was apparent in primary care practice, which may be related to a lack of drug information, pharmacovigilance programme, and nonadherence to basic principle of prescribing.
2 4 Junior prescribers appear most prone to prescribing errors, yet are expected to perform a significant prescribing role.
Medication reconciliation can reduce adverse events associated with prescribing errors at transitions between sites of care.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com