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An additional cardiovascular load appeared for aircraft noise when combined with time pressure as indicated by heart rate for the announced last 5 min of the learning period during aircraft noise with a peak SPL of even 48 dB(A).
Pain et al. [12] placed a microprobe directly into the femoral artery to measure IF, which removes the need for a shunt and the potential of extra cardiovascular load, but due to the accumulation of tracer in adjacent tissues the use of a second probe to subtract background activity was required.
In Model 2, the independent variables were sex, age, BMI and cardiovascular load.
With regard to cardiovascular load, the OR was 1.09 meaning that for every percentage point increase in cardiovascular load (% of heart rate reserve capacity) during the workday the likelihood of experiencing "high" exertion was increased by a factor of 1.09.
The period immediately after birth is associated with increased cardiovascular load and rapid growth of the heart [ 14].
Finally, in Model 3, the independent variables were sex, age, BMI and muscle activity and cardiovascular load.
Similar(33)
Placental vascular development is important for the transfer of flow-limited substrates and for fetal cardiovascular loading and heart fitness.
Three studies have found similar results showing physiological differences in cardiovascular loading during work performance between Thai workers and their western counterparts where the heart rate of the Thai workers could be 25 30% higher than the Europeans at equal levels of oxygen consumption (4– 6).
These findings differ from those of Merkin et al., [ 39] who identified that differences in metabolic and cardiovascular allostatic load scores between the most deprived relative to the least deprived neighborhoods are largest for black participants and non-significant for their white and Mexican American counterparts.
This in turn is influenced by a myriad of inter-related biophysical variables such as the catheter tip cross-sectional spatial location, injection rate and timing interval, proximity to branching daughter vessels, extent of shunting, cardiovascular status, particle load and microembolization [12 14].
Logistic and linear multiple regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between perceived exertion and objectively assessed cardiovascular and muscular load.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com