The Senates in both states are narrowly split between Democrats and Republicans, who have generally opposed carbon-reduction measures as too costly to consumers and burdensome for businesses.
Community groups nominated for this year's Future Friendly Awards for sustainability include a tenants' association introducing carbon-reduction measures across its estate, creative recycling projects finding stylish alternatives to landfill and a sophisticated carbon-neutral cycling web tool.
It says the task of reducing these gases needs strategic investment and institutional plans and continues: "The identified measures complement but do not replace anticipated carbon dioxide reduction measures.
The initiative targets not just carbon reduction but other environmental measures as well such as clean water and air, public education, water conservation and preservation of forests.
"We will measure our carbon reduction, but even more importantly, we'll measure the human and economic benefits that will truly be our milestones of success".
Marshall said new jobs would be created in areas deemed more strategic, among them carbon capture and storage, emission reduction measures, and photovoltaics.
Future studies might measure pure kWh (if the target is energy demand reduction) as opposed to KgCO2; however, Study 1 focused on comparing KgCO2 as this is a direct impact measure toward carbon reduction goals (Gatersleben, Steg, & Vlek, 2002).
Carbon prices, shadow prices and emissions reduction measures are now a reality in over forty nations, with twenty regions now having some form of carbon pricing.
The report says: "A small number of emission reduction measures targeting black carbon and ozone precursors could immediately begin to protect climate, public health, water and food security, and ecosystems.
