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Contributions of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in karst groundwater are often unaccounted for in carbon budgets.
The extreme birefringence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) relative to other major components of marine particulate matter provides a basis for making optical in situ measurements of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) in seawater.
Particulate Inorganic Carbon (PIC) was obtained by acid digestion (HCl 6M) of duplicate filters in a LECO CC 100 connected to the CN analyzer.
Each split was then analyzed for one of the following: Th, POC, BSi, and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) as in Le Moigne et al. [ 2013b].
Although the content in particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) was low due to the generally low pH [ 24], slight increases in cellular PIC content under N-limitation in the diploid stage were visible.
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For example, household coal and biomass cookstoves in China divert more than 10% and up to 38% of their fuel carbon into PICs (Zhang et al. 2000).
Black carbon and other PICs can have significant impacts in terms of radiative forcing, precipitation and sea ice melting (10, 67).
In particular, black carbon is an important PIC in terms of climate change as its effects are stronger than climate gases, such as CH4, chlorofluorocarbons, nitrous oxide and even ground-level ozone (10).
Consistent with recent international studies, inadequate and inappropriate financing and policy have been identified as dominant transition barriers for low carbon sea transport development in PICs.
As much of the carbon of biomass is produced as PICs, which have higher GWPs than CO2, low-efficiency stoves can produce warming if even the biomass is renewably harvested (4, 13, 49, 64, 65).
As PICs such as black carbon and CH4 have higher GWPs than CO2, solid biomass fuels burned inefficiently may not be GHG neutral, even if they are harvested renewably (75).
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