Fermentative production of succinic acid (SA) from renewable carbohydrate feed-stocks can have the economic and sustainability potential to replace petroleum-based production in the future, not only for existing markets, but also new larger volume markets.
Simple carbohydrate feeding to rat and high glucose infusion for 2 days elevate reactive oxygen species (ROS) [9], [34], [35].
Carbohydrate feeding substantially increased hepatic expression of lipogenic Acaca, Fasn and Scd1 (Fig. 6c e).
Interestingly, carbohydrate feeding also suppressed Trim25 expression in the hypothalamus, but not in the periphery.
High fat and carbohydrate fed animals are probably the closest model to the clinical situation.
Excessive carbohydrate feeding can increase carbon dioxide production and may precipitate acute hypercapnic respiratory failure [ 79, 80].
Results of studies concerned with the influence of carbohydrate feeding on the incidence of milk fever are conflicting.
Experiments (31, 32) have demonstrated that carbohydrate feeding and water ingestion during prolonged exercise delay fatigue and increase neuromuscular power, partly by preventing hypoglycemia and muscle glycogen depletion.
In rainbow trout, gk expression is, as in mammals, mainly hepatic, and is reduced by fasting and induced by (carbohydrate) feeding [ 45].
