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H. influenzae strains were serotyped by a PCR capsule typing method, detecting the capsule-producing gene - bexA.
The three isolates sent to the Swedish CDC for capsule typing by PCR were determined as NTHi.
There were a total of 7 different K capsule types identified within the forty four ST131 isolates tested, which is in contrast to the vast majority of capsule typing which had been performed previously on E. coli ST131 using PCR based methods and which predominantly identified K2 type capsules via kpsMII primers [ 8, 9].
To ascertain how this genetic architecture reflected upon biochemical typing we determined the K antigen type of each of the genetic capsule types for strains which were in our possession by classical capsule typing, and also overlaid any available capsule type information on the other sequenced strains.
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"China chose the capsule type, which Japan could also develop in relatively short period of time," Yasunori Matogawa, a spokesman for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, said on the state-run NHK television.
Most clinical isolates of S. aureus express either capsule type 5 (CP5) or 8 (CP8).
Isolates could not be assigned to capsule types 1, 5 or 8.
This includes agr (group II rather than III), genes encoding the capsule type (5 rather than 8), the egc enterotoxin gene cluster, and the enterotoxin homologue ORF CM14.
A review by Whitfield expands the description of the different capsule types and segregates them into specific Groups based on their characteristic structures [30].
The effect appeared to be general among pneumococci, as over 25 pneumococcal strains of nine different capsule types were equally sensitive to HAMLET-induced death (Table 1).
Based on the results of our phage assays, we hypothesized that C7 acts on a step in capsule assembly or export that is common to both K1 and K5 capsule types.
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