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The capsule stress is related to its deformation through a constitutive law.
p, intrarenal pressure; σ, capsule stress; h, capsule thickness; r, capsule radius.
From Laplace's law, the intrarenal pressure and capsule stress are related through p = 2 h r σ (1). Figure 3 Schematic of the biomechanical model for the kidney capsule.
Let p be the fluid pressure, σ be the capsule stress (force per unit area), and h and r be the capsule thickness and the radius of the capsule in the deformed state, respectively.
Since the capsule thickness cannot grow spontaneously and, in fact can only shrink as the capsule stress increases, an adjacent layer of parenchymal tissue must carry the additional overpressure, a phenomenon we term here as tissue recruitment (Figure 5). Figure 5 Comparative plot of pressure-volume curves for the intact kidney, the decapsultaed kidney, and the biomechanical model.
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You may increase the intake up to 5 capsules if stress is real strong.
Capsule measurements, and stress- and drug-response assays were performed as previously described [ 32, 65].
The stress capsules were installed in middle pillars of each panel to know the development of mining induced vertical stress as the extraction progresses.
Wherever cells were immobilized in beads or capsules, the osmotic stress in microenvironment around the yeast was not high enough to induce the high activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) which was key enzyme for high production of glycerol [ 13].
In the following research, PEG4000 was chosen as osmoregulator and entrapped in capsule to provide hyperosmotic stress.
The results in Figure 6 showed that the hyperosmotic stress in capsule caused by PEG4000 could increase the glycerol accumulation by C. krusei.
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