Exact(3)
Fig. 4 Capsule geometry in "sandwich" experiments.
The ZRM is a semi-empirical approach for independently quantifying the impacts of binding kinetics and internal flow distributions in membrane chromatography units without knowing the internal capsule geometry.
Computational fluid dynamics allows for a more stringent description of the internal capsule geometry, however, this would require much higher modeling and computing efforts and goes beyond the scope of the present study.
Similar(57)
The CFD models are defined according to precisely measured capsule geometries in order to avoid the estimation of geometry related model parameters.
As the CFD model described provides a rich mechanistic analysis of membrane chromatography systems and the ability to explore operational space, but requires detailed knowledge of internal capsule geometries and has much greater computational requirements, it is complementary to the previously described strengths and uses of the ZRM for process analysis and design.
Explorations of capsule size, geometry and operating conditions using the model and experiment were used to identify possible causes of inhomogeneous flow and their contributions to band broadening.
This plays itself out in something as unusual as a pill motif, which the designer blows up into a giant two-toned capsule (left), whose colorful geometry drapes around the neck.
MINI-IRENE is the Flight Demonstrator of IRENE, a new-concept capsule with a variable geometry, originally conceived by ASI to widen the range of available platforms to retrieve payloads and/or data from low Earth orbit.
Notice that various slices of capsule in the SSTF geometry can be seen, marking the rows from sequential passes, separated by 200 µm.
In addition, for specific applications, different morphological requirements must be considered, which can be easily achieved by the LbL method that allows the fabrication of supramolecular architectures from flat films to capsules with different geometries and sizes These complex objects can be loaded with drug molecules, and can be functionalized to make them sensitive to external stimuli.
Although the internal geometry of the XT140 capsule is more complex than of the XT5 capsule, a ZRM set-up with just one membrane zone was found to be sufficient for quantitatively reproducing breakthrough curves at the studied flow rate.
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