For capsular swelling method, cumulative reactions needed for pools, groups and types were considered.
The capsular serotype was confirmed by a capsular swelling technique and countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis [13].
Serotyping was determined by the capsular swelling method [49], [79], [80], and the K-type of some isolates were controlled by the agglutination method [65].
Presently, serotyping of pneumococci is dependent on isolation of the organism followed by serological determination by quellung reaction (capsular swelling) [15].
Pneumococcal strains were serotyped by the capsular swelling procedure (quellung reaction) with anti-pneumococcal omni, pool, type or group, and factor sera (Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark) as described previously [26], [30].
Identification of the later two subspecies was controlled by capsular serotyping using the capsular swelling method and using the following biochemical tests: Voges-Proskauer, urease, ONPG, lysine decarboxylase, citrate, malonate, and gas production.
Activated synovium secretes excess synovial fluid, leading to capsular swelling.
K1 serotyping was assessed by polymerase chain reaction and capsular swelling technique [ 1].
Capsular swelling reactions indicated 63 serotype 6A and 61 serotype 6B strains.
Binding of specific monoclonal antibodies with the capsule induces a capsular swelling visualised under the microscope.
The serotypes of isolates were determined by using the capsular swelling method (Quellung reaction).
