National data on the total health expenditure per capita and percentage of gross domestic product spent on health care per capita was obtained from 2008 core health indicators report at the World Health Organization [ 12].
This curve, together with the minimum coverage line, gives the exact position of (L) and also the per capita profits obtained at this contract, ( pi ^{L}).
The independent variables are GDP, GDP per capita (both obtained from the World Bank) and dummies for common trade zone (EU, EFTA), common currency zone (EURO), common language, zones being neighbours and zones being in the same country.
Information on hospital type and beds per capita was obtained from the American Hospital Association.
The information on gross national income per capita was obtained from the World Bank database [ 15].
Data on GDP per capita were obtained for each country from the World Development Indicators 2005 [ 24].
7 Regarding the environmental variables, we used per capita footprints, obtained from the Global Footprint Network, as the indicator for comparing resource consumption across nations.
Data on physician and hospital resources, including the total number of primary care physicians, obstetric and gynecologic physicians, physician assistants, and midwives per capita were obtained from the Area Health Resource Files.
For example, for an impending pandemic occurring within the first stockpile cycle (influenza A (H1N1-2009) pandemic), USD$61.0 may be spent per capita to obtain a vaccine that has an overall effectiveness of 80% against a pandemic with 0.2% case-fatality.
