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Typically, linear per capita indicators are used to characterize and rank cities.
As such, per capita indicators conflate general nonlinear effects, common to all cities, with local dynamics, specific to each city, failing to provide direct measures of the impact of local events and policy.
Unlike per capita indicators, SAMIs are dimensionless, independent of city size (Figure 1B) and usually of other urban metrics such as land area or population density (see Discussion and Text S2).
Compared to per capita indicators, which place 7 of the largest 20 MSAs in the top 20 for GMP, SAMIs show no population size bias, ranking none of these cities in the top 20.
However, per capita indicators conflate general effects of urbanization, common to all cities as a function of their population size, with local events and dynamics that are specific to particular places.
Similar(55)
By applying a per capita indicator, we assessed asbestos use trends over 8 decades in most countries of the world.
bExcluded since the tertiary national hospitals mainly utilize central funding separate from the national government hence their corresponding expenditure is not captured in the county level health spending per capita indicator.
We acknowledge that the health spending per capita indicator, presented publicly by the government [ 43], took into account only two items, based on a national household survey, as a proxy for health spending.
HDI is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators.
GDP per capita – an indicator of individual prosperity – has fallen significantly and the north-south divide seems to be growing.
The alcohol per capita consumption indicator is based on the estimates of per capita consumption of recorded and unrecorded alcohol, the latter referring to alcohol that is not taxed and is outside the usual system of governmental control, because it is produced, distributed, and sold outside formal channels and, therefore, not registered by routine data collection (Rehm et al. 2003, 2007).
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