We examined the pathogenicity of Env/9306 in birds commonly found at pet markets and assessed its capacity to replicate in and transmit among mammals by using ex vivo and in vivo models.
This replicometer, in combination with the discovery of the enzyme telomerase, has gone very far in explaining why most normal somatic cells have a finite capacity to replicate both in vivo and in vitro and how immortal cancer cells circumvent this inevitability.
"A big part of the problem is that DIT has continually oversold both its capacity to replicate the existing agreements and the nature of those it has managed to replace.
If indeed the conservation of these mutations is the result of selective pressure, such as the continued capacity to replicate in both arthropod and vertebrate hosts, rather than random mutations occurring as a consequence of genetic drift, one would expect these mutations to be conserved in virus isolates collected in other regions of North America.
Vlecken et al. compared a number of adherent and suspension cell lines for the capacity to replicate Sabin poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3. Of the 5 cell lines tested (BHK-21, CHO-K1, CAP, sMDCK, and AGE1.CR.HS), only the CAP cell line was capable of propagating Sabin type polioviruses, whereas all the other suspension cell lines were not capable of supporting viral replication [ 49].
In the end, though, it may be Pepperberg herself who has the greatest drive and capacity to replicate her own work, although she has suffered from funding shortfalls; over the decades, she has received eight grants from the National Science Foundation, but she does a lot of fund-raising on her own.
Furthermore, the presence of subpopulations of tumor cells that differ in their genetic makeup, metastatic potential, invasiveness and capacity to replicate may further compromise an already complex signature, in that the most clinically relevant signature may be masked by a 'non-lethal' signature that dominates the tumor's DNA or RNA sample.
Thus, HSV-2 0ΔRING and 0ΔNLS were the only HSV-2 ICP0− mutant viruses that were IFN-sensitive and retained the capacity to replicate with reasonable efficiency in cells that did not provide wild-type ICP0 in trans.
