To verify whether M. pulcherrima was capable of contamination-free growth in a fed-batch system the yeast was cultured in media made up in final effluent waste water.
The strain was previously characterized as a weak biofilm former and shown to be capable of egg contamination (Guard et al., 2011).
Sporicidal products are of considerable importance in healthcare environments due to the requirement for products that are capable of dealing with contamination with Clostridium difficile spores.
Furthermore, emerging electrochemical methods that form hydroxyl radicals by means of a gas diffusion electrode made of carbon nanotubes (CNT) hollow fibers or a boron-doped diamond electrode are also capable of reducing micropollutant contamination [42, 43].
The state-of-the-art concept of cloning PAHs-degrading pathway in salicylate bioreporter hosts led to the construction and assembly of high-throughput PAH bioreporter array, capable of crude oil contamination assessment and risk management.
Various publications (i.e., Dorner et al. [2006]; Kim et al. [2010]; Rehmann and Soupir [2009]; Droppo et al., [2011]; Cho et al. [2010]; Pandey et al. [2012b]; Pandey and Soupir [2013]) are available describing models capable of predicting pathogen contamination levels in ambient water bodies; however, further work is required to improve model predictions.
A more universal approach capable of determining mycotoxin contamination in a variety of solid or liquid raw materials would be more appealing.
For all 13 samples that were tested, real-time PCR was capable of detecting low initial contamination (10 CFU/ml) of A. acidoterrestris within 24 h of enrichment by real-time PCR.
S. enterica was able to survive in fallow soil and remained capable of plant attachment and contamination at least six weeks following introduction to the soil by irrigation (Fig. 1).
The use of MS with alternately clean and contaminated laminae clearly shows that differential contamination cells are capable of generating potential differences (driving forces) of hundreds of millivolt, as also occurred with underfilm differential aeration cells.
The study also revealed that contamination includes microorganisms, which are capable of food poisoning in humans and that the sources of contamination included water, hands and clothes of workers.
