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The effective population size N e can have a large effect on the operation of the ratchet, but only for the minority of mutations with effects that are very close to the 'wall of background selection' and would be eliminated deterministically by selection; because we simulate the whole range of realistic N e values, our results are robust in this regard as well.
The effective population size affects the estimated number of effective chromosome segments or independent loci (ng), and this can have a large effect on the predicted accuracy of molecular breeding values (r a,g ).
As seen in Table 1, a dielectric can have a large effect.
Because the population is relatively small, slight increases in cases can have a large effect on statistics.
In these types of calculations, the alignment of the molecule can have a large effect.
Optimal values are close to 0.5; varying the step size can have a large effect on the acceptance ratio.
Macroalgal traits such as size and morphological complexity can have a large effect on local populations and communities.
The spatial rainfall variability can have a large effect on the prediction of discharges in urban drainage systems.
The specially orthotropic material properties of a laminated disk can have a large effect on the overall dynamic behavior.
The method used to chill or freeze a product can have a large effect on the overall energy efficiency.
A new study—reported at ScienceInsider by Viviane Callier suggests that even a little bias can have a large effect on which awards are made.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com