The grades of retinopathy correlate with likelihood of development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and can be standardized by standard retinal photographs, as used in the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study [ 4].
These differences are referred to as residuals, and they can be standardized and adjusted to follow a Normal distribution with mean 0 and standard deviation 1 [ 2].
Generic versions of traditional chemical drugs can be approved for sale without lengthy, and expensive, clinical testing to show they are safe and effective, because the chemical processes can be standardized and the drugs copied easily.
In some cases, structures can be standardized or checked automatically.
The desktop configurations of computer labs and admin offices can be standardized and managed centrally.
Quantitative results are illustrated with metrics that can be standardized for different types of privacy research.
Despite great variation in the requirements for shielding and hutch design at SPring-8, the individual components can be standardized to a certain extent.
Even if the approach is the same and the ways to shield can be standardized, specific analysis is requested in any case because the constraints are different.
Real-world confederates may vary in terms of appearance and physique, dress, nonverbal cues, etc., all of which can be standardized using VR.
In (closed) enterprise systems, linked data also plays an increasing role since the publication of knowledge and data can be standardized and based on existing implementations.
Whether different homeopaths performing a repertorisation and selecting a remedy for one and the same patient would come to analogous conclusions, and whether a respective research protocol can be standardized.
