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Apart from nutritional management in problematic herds of dairy Holstein–Friesian cows, other strategies can be employed to prevent RP, such as the improvement of animal welfare, hygiene during calving, reducing stress, infections, idiopathic factors, hormonal imbalance as well as veterinary support of parturition by the use of prostaglandin PGF2αor oxytocin [ 48, 49].
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In conclusion, this randomized controlled field trial demonstrates that eprinomectin treatment at calving reduces the infection levels with gastro-intestinal nematodes and increases the daily milk yield in the following lactation.
Use of the algorithm for treatment of diarrhoeic calves reduced antimicrobial treatment rates without a negative impact on the health of calves.
Treatment of cows with a single dose of CCFA-SS within 24 hours after abnormal calving reduced the incidence of subsequent metritis in lactating dairy cows.
Insulin concentrations decreased from -30 dpp to calving, remained reduced until 50 dpp when insulin concentrations started to increase.
The economic burden arising from brucellosis in animals is associated with productivity losses (longer calving intervals, reduced growth, increased incidences of abortion, infertility, and calf mortality), and restrictions on the trade and export of animals and their products.
WA-MCF incidence is also associated with decreased annual rainfall, decrease in browser vegetation and drought, as these adverse conditions discourage the movement of wildebeest to their usual calving zones, thereby reducing transmission of WA-MCF [ 33].
Monensin reduced calving to conception intervals in cows with endometritis during the pretreatment period.
Body condition score (BCS) at calving was reduced by precalving restriction (P < 0.001; 2.8 and 3.0 for precalving Low and High treatment groups, respectively).
For parity group 1, the negative effects of metritis (despite treatment) on 305-d milk production after a normal calving were reduced by 116 kg of energy-corrected milk after enrollment in the HHMP.
Sub-fertile bulls delay conception, prolong the calving season, reduce calf weaning weights and increase female culls [ 4].
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