Sentence examples for calving pattern from inspiring English sources

KMOs assessed were calving pattern of the herd, pre-calving heifer liveweight, pre-calving and premating body condition score (BCS), oestrus detection, anoestrus cow management and bull management.

Since all herds had an all year round calving pattern, the number of lactating cows was estimated by subtracting 14% from the annual mean number of cows to exclude the dry cow population according to Kretzschmar et al. [ 27].

The breeding season extended for three months (September to November) in order to achieve a concentrated calving pattern in the following season.

The age structure of the herd was characterised by average lactation number and proportion primiparous cows, and seasonal calving pattern by average month of calving.

In order to keep the spread calving pattern intact, the death of an individual in the milking herd will result in the selection of a replacement from those heifers in the age range of 14 to 16 months, with a view to calving occurring at around 24 months.

On herd level the outcome of interest was the frequency of RB cows and potential risk factors were herd size, level of milk production and somatic cell counts, age structure, seasonal calving pattern, breed, reproductive management, and disease frequency.

Remote observations of icequakes can serve as an early-warning system for changes in calving patterns, says Larsen.

Furthermore, calves infected in utero can clear SBV infection [ 26], and farms adopting calving patterns with the critical period falling mostly into periods of low vector activity (usually Dec-Mar) can experience lower impact [ 9].

It is also independent of the season in which the data are collected, which can be a confounder when other indices are used in herds with seasonal calving patterns [ 17].

We used PROC GAM in SAS® (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA), specifying automated calculation of df using the generalized cross validation method and loess smoothing, to assign df to response curves depicting calving season movement patterns in each elk.

The random-effects framework provided insight into individual behavior and how elk modified patterns of calving season resource selection relative to development.