Sentence examples similar to calculus justification from inspiring English sources
Whether or not beliefs merely ground or are defined in terms of preference, there is a further question as to whether the only justification for the claim that rational belief satisfies the probability calculus is a pragmatic one, i.e., an argument resting on there being otherwise bad consequences in terms of preferences and implied choice behaviour.
Sir Isaac Newton in England and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in Germany had independently developed the calculus on a basis of heuristic rules and methods markedly deficient in logical justification.
To evaluate that claim, one could apply the calculus to him -- and to his enemies -- regarding (1) the justifications concerning (a) homeland (b) creed (c) war aims (not neglecting proportionality and discrimination), (d) ground (e) honor and (f) authority; (2) the policies of (a) deterrence, (b) retaliation and (c) punishment, and (3) the fate-invocation of inevitability".
"The best way to apply this calculus to a particular act is to examine the rules for every sort of justification which might possibly be applicable to it," he explains, offering this example: "What claim to righteousness might a Palestinian suicide bomber possess?
In Lieber's calculus, ends could not be separated from means; the ends were the essential determinants of a military action's justification.
The movie reveals, scene by scene, a calculus of interests; it features, very early on, an act of cavalier indifference by the Kuomintang, just to make sure that the Communist revolution finds its ultimate justification in the first reel.
