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Second, what is unique to Marxism — its approach to measuring exploitation through calculations of surplus value is very problematic.
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Meanwhile the regular calculation of surpluses and deficits, which takes place during formal three-yearly scheme valuations, has been made even more difficult by the Bank of England's programme of quantitative easing (QE).
Further on, calculations of the surplus energy were implemented for future studies on utilization of the excess energy or reducing the power capacity.
For the calculation of the surplus grassland, a method was developed to assess and allocate the surplus grassland on the basis of different statistical data on land use, livestock and agricultural yields in Baden-Württemberg as described in [49].
Through a simulation of market shares and the calculation of compensating surplus for riders in the study area in forests close to Vienna, we demonstrate how this research can provide insights about how to adjust trails to better match the interests of bikers while still respecting regulations which are in the interests of landowners, hunters and ecological concerns.
The results of calculations of consumers and producers surplus, based on data obtained from the two scenarios simulated using the GFPM are in Table 8.
The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) explained that it was no longer including the retained earnings of foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) in its calculations of China's current-account surplus.
The agreement seems to assume that the starting point for its calculations is a surplus of 0.1% of GDP.
At the same time it could show that its newly adopted stance in favour of social investment has some degree of practical backing.Furthermore, in post-Maastricht Europe, public companies that are independent of their treasuries are not included in the calculations of the public-sector deficit (or surplus).
Congress decreed that Social Security deficits or surpluses would not be included in its calculations of budgetary spending or calculations of deficits or surpluses whenever the federal government publishes these calculations.
Return of surplus to members.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com