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Finally, individuals use judgements rather than explicit calculations of expected costs and benefits in reaching decisions and making choices.
For calculations of expected numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations, initial null expected values based on the universal genetic code alone were first adjusted to account for patterns of codon usage in the C. elegans and C. briggsae genomes (Stein et al. 2003).
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Even if the least-bad case is regarded as slightly better than a backdown, any reasonable calculation of expected payoffs for the institutions concerned would indicate that backing down is the rational choice, in every possible case.
The quantifications in this paper enable calculation of expected exposure differences among travel paths for planning and routing applications.
The researchers therefore speculate that trust, admirable trait that it is, boils down to a cold calculation of expected rewards--in this case, reciprocity from the investor.
However, since S2HNC asymptotically achieves the max-flow capacity for large M, we only require the above calculation of expected completion time for small M, which is feasible.
However, the calculation of expected recurrence time is based on the assumption of perfect knowledge of long-term risk, which involves high uncertainty.
The procedure includes calculation of expected electrostatic potential at human body considering environment characteristics (relative humidity, dimensions and electrophysical characteristics of flooring and footwear).
It is included in the calculation of expected and unexpected losses in the credit portfolio and thereby influences the calculation of the value at risk (VaR) as well as (future) credit terms.
Using a panel of states, I estimate the effect of within-state changes in the minimum wage on state immigrant counts, taking into account key economic indicators in the calculation of expected earnings and controlling for state and national trends.
Table 8 shows the results of inventory with average values from our own analysis of selected properties, which are used for calculation of expected biogas and nutrient amount in substrate mixtures.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com