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Thus, the denominator for calculations of attributable cost for these grants may be artifactually low, inflating the calculated attributable costs for recent articles funded by these grants.
The assumption of a threshold has an important influence on the estimated impact, because the lower the threshold value, the greater the proportion of days included in the calculations of attributable deaths.
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The NIS data do not allow for the calculation of attributable costs.
Thus, calculation of attributable fractions will be undertaken only for lung cancer cases in never smokers.
As top-down studies do not consider age in the calculation of attributable healthcare utilisation and costs, an age-standardized comparison is beyond the scope of this paper.
Our calculation of attributable fractions would put the number of deaths for the United Kingdom at 99, a figure consistent with the earlier estimate.
Table 3 shows the calculation of attributable fractions, and corresponding numbers of attributable cases, by age group and sex, for seven cancer types accepted to be causally related to excess body weight, assuming a 10-year latency between the presence of excess body mass and cancer risk.
Our aim in this paper was to estimate the short-term impact of high concentrations of particles up to 10 μm in diameter (PM10) on mortality in the Italian region of Lombardy in 2007 at the municipality level, considering commuting and accounting for uncertainties that arise in the calculation of attributable deaths (AD) via MC simulation.
The smoking attributable mortality, morbidity, and economic costs system does not include effects of secondhand smoke in its calculations of smoking attributable mortality.
The calculation of medical care costs/episodes are straight forward and attract little problems, although for example the issue of calculating of attributable fractions remains (see below).
Further, while it is possible to think of the effect at Arg381Gln as an increased risk conferred by the common G allele, calculations of population-attributable risk based on this assumption lead to an implausibly high figure due to the very high carriage rate of the G allele in the control population.
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