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The time of decay is proportional to the natural logarithm (represented by ln) of the ratio of D to P. In short, one need only measure the ratio of the number of radioactive parent and daughter atoms present, and the time elapsed since the mineral or rock formed can be calculated, provided of course that the decay rate is known.
The previous section described how the test statistic U t is calculated provided a value of s≥0.
Once the SL miniband structure is accessed, σ q can be calculated, provided that the values of τ q,v are known.
Subsequently, proceeding with attempts and diverse simulations, the condition in which the convective coefficient values calculated provided the temperature distribution which best approximated those recorded with the thermal camera, was met.
The hypercone is one of the very few detection regions where the probability of false alarm can be easily calculated provided that the host vectors pdf is radially symmetric, that is, only depending of the norm of the vectors.
The analysis in this paper concludes that permanent displacements of the ground and of structures in the near-field can be calculated provided all six components of strong motion (three translations and three rotations) have been recorded, and the records are corrected for transducer rotation, misalignment and cross-axis sensitivity.
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New margin calculated provides a more robust design.
After a numerical differentiation, the likelihood function can be calculated providing the maximum likelihood estimator.
The heat flow and temperature distribution have been theoretically and numerically calculated, providing guidance for the design of PV-TE hybrid system.
Finally, the seismic risk associated with the long-term performance of the construction is calculated, providing a significant support in the implementation of efficient strategies for risk reduction.
From thermodynamic analysis of desorption isotherms, Ls values were calculated, providing a comprehension of the energy requirements associated with the moisture desorption of seeds having distinct superficial structures.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com