Exact(2)
Mean directions are most commonly calculated from specimens demagnetized by thermal and AF methods, with specimen directions determined from either a single demagnetization to a certain temperature or AF step, or from a fit to step-wise demagnetization data, e.g., by principal component analysis (Kirschvink 1980).
The conventional negative staining protocol is quick and easy, but 3D maps calculated from specimens prepared in this way show severe deformations due to flattening and incomplete stain embedding.
Similar(58)
α 95 and k are reported as given in a publication or if not given, calculated from specimen or sample directions, following Fisher (1953).
Species averages were then calculated from specimen data so that each tip on the phylogenetic tree is represented by a single shape point [ 3].
GPA superimposes landmark configurations in that it minimizes the sum of squared distances between corresponding landmarks by scaling, translating and rotating specimens onto a mean consensus configuration calculated from all specimens.
For corrected urine concentrations, undetectable values were treated as half the lowest value calculated from a detectable specimen aFor all plasma specimens, EMA, MMA, α-KGA and malonic acid (MA) were assayed but undetectable.
Restrained ring tests were also performed to validate the tensile creep coefficients calculated from dog-bone specimens.
The PFCDF for the puddle iron from the bridge is calculated from standard tensile specimens, from which the initiation fatigue lifetime of the riveted connections is predicted and compared with the experimental results.
†Median titers were calculated from the positive specimens only.
Percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in each group were calculated from three tumor specimens.
The tumour volume was also calculated from the resected specimen by measuring the three dimensions of the tumour and calculating the volume.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com