Data throughput was calculated as a sum all data bits in the error-free RBs.
For example, the system memory consumption can be calculated as a sum of the required memory for each running component.
In (b) the induced density is calculated as a sum of two contributions (see text for the explanation).
The RBS spectrum is calculated as a sum of the many particular spectra obtained for randomly chosen particle trajectories over sample 3D landscape.
The quality index was calculated as a sum of grouped linearly normalized variables multiplied by group factor of significance and relatively to the CON bread.
The score is calculated as a sum of contributions of all fragments in the molecule divided by the number of fragments in this molecule.
The number of data is calculated as a sum of the sampling data points of waveform envelopes assigned for a block by the NMO correction.
The matching cost is then calculated as a sum of absolute differences (SAD) over a sliding square window (i.e. pixel neighbourhood) of fixed size.
For example, the alarm function of a rate-based model may be simply calculated as a sum of the rates over a magnitude range (Kossobokov 2006).
In the CPCM model, the solvation free energy is calculated as a sum of electrostatic and non-electrostatic interaction energies between a solute and solvent.
The probability distribution of fishnet strength is calculated as a sum of a rapidly convergent series of the failure probabilities after the rupture of one, two, three, etc., links.
