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In addition, for statistical analysis purposes, the ratio of the anterior maxillary base length A′6′ to the maxillary base length A′P′ (A′6/ A′P′) was also calculated as a continuous variable that reflects maxillary posterior discrepancy (Fig. 3, Table 2).
GI score was also calculated as a continuous variable and presented as the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]).
Education was calculated as a continuous variable with three levels (No education =1; Three years or less of education =2; More than three years of education =3).
Recently, it was shown that the extent of residual breast cancer burden, calculated as a continuous index based on primary tumour measurements (size and cellularity) and lymph node metastases (number and size), correlates with survival outcomes [ 27].
As an outcome variable, HSI was first calculated as a continuous value and subsequently dichotomised with a threshold of 150 mm Hg·min (roughly the median HSI in the cohort).
In the univariate and multivariate analyses, the parameters LOS and LOV were calculated as dichtomized variables (according to their median); however, LOV was also calculated as a continuous variable (that is, increasing days) in the univariate analysis.
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In order to predict censored survival time, martingale residuals were calculated as a new continuous outcome and a new fitness function used by the grammatical evolution neural network (GENN) based on mean absolute difference of martingale residuals was implemented.
Hence, two continuous temperature variables were calculated as, "high" (t-11 if ≥11°C, 0 otherwise) and "low" (t-11 if ≤11°C, 0 otherwise), where t is the daytime mean temperature.
A continuous indicator was calculated as a sum of weekly metabolic equivalent (MET) -minutes per week of walking, moderate - and vigorous-intensity exercise.
Road traffic noise was calculated as the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (LAeq) at the most exposed facade of the dwelling at each address for the day (Ld; 0700 1900 hours), evening (Le; 1900 2200 hours), and night (Ln; 2200 0700 hours), and was expressed as Lden (day, evening, night) by applying a 5-dB penalty for the evening and a 10-dB penalty for the night.
The Ptp was calculated as the continuous difference between the airway pressure and Pes.
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