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The effects of CAP measures, such as subsidies and regulations, are calculated and translated into changes in land use and land-use intensity.
Quantitative responses were calculated and translated into percentages.
CHU9D raw scores were calculated and translated into utility weights using the original UK Adult Tariff [ 17 ] and the Australian Adolescent Tariff [ 10 ].
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Numbers of substitutions were calculated for each pair and translated into divergence time using a substitution rate of 1.05 × 10-9 nucleotides per site per year, as previously determined for fungi [ 71, 72].
For each pair of duplicated regions, the mean Ks of the flanking conserved genes were calculated, and these values were then translated into divergence time in millions of years, assuming a rate of 9.1 × 10−9 substitutions per site per year.
We used the volume of service during the base year (2004/5) for calculating unit costs of services, and translated the 2005/6 costs to the base year 2004/5.
Cronbach's alpha was calculated and found satisfactory for the outcome measures that were translated to Norwegian for this study.
This window is translated by one base pair and a new Tm is calculated and the procedure is repeated till the end of the sequence.
Nematode wet weight was calculated according to Andrassy's [44] formula and translated into nematode dry weight with a dry-to-wet ratio of 0.25 [39].
Relative adduct levels (RAL) were calculated according to Reddy and Randerath (1986) and translated into fmol adducts per μg DNA by multiplying RAL×10×0.3240 (Gupta, 1985).
Payroll taxes are automatically calculated and paid.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com