We methodically calculate changes in the risk of extremes due to human factors, like greenhouse gases.
Using a technology called Time of Flight, it can track the movement of individual photons, picking up minute alterations in a viewer's skin color to measure blood flow, then calculate changes in heart rate.
The differences between those figures result from the vagaries of the so-called Barnett formula, based on population, which the Treasury uses to calculate changes to devolved budgets, and from the different responsibilities each devolved administration discharges.
The usefulness of reduction potentials is greatly extended, however, by a thermodynamic relationship known as the Nernst equation, which makes it possible to calculate changes in half-cell potentials that will be produced by deviations from standard concentration conditions.
RPI is also used to calculate changes to rail ticket prices.
Additional tools to complement these (LCA) studies are required to calculate changes in the metallurgy.
The IRE generator provides feedback by reporting current (amperage), which can be used to calculate changes in tumor tissue resistance.
The models calculate changes in morphology or drop size distribution due to changes in material and process parameters.
Computerized morphometry was used to calculate changes in intima, media, and adventitia as a percentage of cross-sectional area of the graft.
The mechanics-derived strain is used to calculate changes to the reservoir parameters (porosity and permeability) for the next set of flow time steps.
Three-dimensional motion analysis was used to calculate changes in knee angles, during cutting, and to determine the relationship between muscle activity and knee joint angle.
