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A lateral approach for cage placement has also been reported.
Repeated testing with differing implanted conditions showed the influence of interbody cage placement and plating on spinal biomechanics (Figure 4).
Compared with the intact state, lateral interbody cage placement did not affect AR, trending towards a significant reduction in FE (p = 0.06), and significantly reduced in LB.
Background context: Destabilization of the lumbar spine results from sacrifice of the anterior longitudinal ligament and disc when removed for graft or cage placement.
The availability of the NDE methods has given engineers and contractors the false impression that any defects that may have been produced during construction due to problems in concreting, drilling, casing, slurry and rebar cage placement can be identified and repaired before the bridge is opened to traffic.
Randomisation should also extend to cage placement within rooms in the animal house and the order in which experimental treatments and assessments of the animals/cages are made.
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Polly et al [ 24] described 18 fold increase of construct stiffness by the anterior placement of cage in sagittal plane, cage strain increasing with more-anterior positions, and a single large cage construct being biomechanically compatible with a dual-cage construct.
This model uses cages designed for placement on the decorticated transverse process of the goat lumbar spine.
The acetabular osteolysis required bone grafting and placement of a cage with a cemented liner (Contour Cage, Reflection cemented Cup, Oxinium head; Smith & Nephew, Memphis, TN).
Several authors have reported the placement of cages filled with bone substitute or even those that are empty; [ 39, 40] however, there is evidence, that the patient's own bone is associated with the best fusion rates [ 41, 42].
To control for such biases, experimental groups should be randomized (e.g., placement of cages or pots in experiments) beyond groups, to avoid being treated in any specific order.
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